What is a stroke? A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted. Also, it prevents brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Therefore, brain cells begin to die in minutes. Stroke is the leading cause of death in the whole world.
Types of stroke.
There are three primary types of strokes.
Transient ischemic attack(TIA)- this involves a blood clot that typically lapses on its own.
Ischemic stroke- involves a blockage caused by either a clot or plaque in the artery.
Hemorrhagic stroke- comes as a result of either a burst or lacking blood vessels that seep into the brain.
Causes.
High blood pressure- this is the biggest cause.
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Tobacco – smoking or chewing, raises the odds of a stroke. However, cigarette smoke causes a fatty build-up in the main neck artery.
Heart disease- these conditions include defective heart valves as well as atrial fibrillation, which causes a quarter of all the types of the illness among the elderly.
Diabetes- this condition damages blood vessels, which makes the illness more likely. Therefore, if it occurs when blood sugar levels are high, the injury to the brain is greater.
Gender- Women are slightly less likely to have an attack than men of the same age.
Symptoms.
Severe headache.
Dizziness.
Trouble seeing in one or both eyes.
Weakness in the face, arm, or leg.
Paralysis.
Confusion.
Difficulty speaking.
Nausea.
Treatment.
An IV injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is the gold standard treatment for ischemic stroke. Therefore, injection of TPA is usually given through a vein in the arm within the first three hours.
surgery is a good treatment for hemorrhagic stroke. In addition, if the area of bleeding is large, the doctor may perform surgery to remove the blood and relieve pressure in the brain. However, surgery can also be used to repair blood vessels problems related to hemorrhagic strokes
What are the risk factors?
High blood pressure.
High cholesterol.
Smoking.
Diabetes.
Increasing age.
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